History of Myanmar's labour movement (39/505)

This post presents page 39 of The History of the Myanmar Labour Movement by Thakin Lwin (Bagan Books, 1968).

Vocabulary:

ကြီးမှူး ။ to lead, direct
သဘင် ။ assembly; congregation; ceremony; festival
ခမ်းနား ။ grand; splendid; magnificent
ရင်ဖွင့် ။ to open one's heart; unburden one's feelings
ဒူးတိုက်ဆွေးနွေး ။ to have a free and open discussion
နှီးနှော ။ to discuss, consult
ဖလှယ် ။ exchange,barter
တစ်ပါတည်း ။ together with, along with
ရင်ဆိုင် ။ to confront, to face
ကျော်လွှား ။ to overcome
အစဉ်အတိုင်း ။ in order, always, perpetually
မလွဲမရှောင် ။
ဘောင် ။ frame, bounds, limit
သွတ်သွင်း ။ to include
တနည်းတလမ်း ။ systematically
ရှာကြံ ။ to contrive, find ways and means
အသွင်သဏ္ဍာန် ။ form, appearance
ရက်စက် ။ be cruel; be pitiless; be ruthless
ကြမ်းကြုတ် ။ to be harsh, cruelm, ferocious
အကြင်နာကင်းမဲ့ ။ heartless, compasionateless

Translation:

After that, when the Revolutionary Government itself led and magnificently celebrated May Day festivities in 1963 and '65 in Yangon, and in 1964 in the town of Chauk at the oil fields, free and open discussions and exchanges of views by workers' representatives on labour issues were jointly held.

Chapter 5

Summary of world worker history

In the 18th century, as the capitalist system gradually spread to become the world system, according to the eternal conflictual nature of capital and labour, the organisation of the wage-earning working class, that is born out of the capitalist system, strengthened and extended across the expanse of the earth. In order to defend their benefits and rights, and to be able to advance, workers began to organise by country, and by work, and while confronting and overcoming many kinds of difficulties they progressively marched on.

In that situation, although the capitalists and capitalist governments did not legally recognise workers' right to free association and right to protest, because of the unwavering force of the working masses in organised struggle, [workers] managed in the end to have systematic protection [of their rights] included within the bounds of law.

Around 1830-40, although workers in some western European countries, where industrial works were becoming prominent, began communicating among themselves, they were still not able to form with the appearance of world worker unions and associations. If the experiences of the history of the world labour movement are studied, it is natural that the working class, which suffered intensely the ruthless punishment of the heartless capitalist system, would look for a way and work hard to liberate their lives. At that time, [some people] who wished for the benefit of the working masses...