History of Myanmar's labour movement (p19/505)

This post presents page 19 of The History of the Myanmar Labour Movement by Thakin Lwin (Bagan Books, 1968).

Vocabulary:

အလားတူ ။ similarly, the same
ဝါဂွမ်း ။ cotton
ရွက် ။ tobacco leaves
ထန်းလျက် ။ palm sugar, jaggery
ရှေးစေး ။ catechu, acacia extract
သတ္တု ။ metal, mineral
ကျောက်စိမ်း ။ jade
မဲနယ် ။ indigo
ဖာလာ ။ cardamom
ကျောက်သံပတ္တမြား ။ gem
တန် ။ ton (unit of weight)
ကတ္တား ။ platform scales
ဖန်ချက်စက် ။ glass factory

Translation:

[After that], in areas like Mottama and the Salween [River] the Portuguese were the first to start setting up factory and offices. In 1604 the French and British East India Companies at the Salween [River], Pathein, Negaray-Angu and Inwa similarly opened factories and offices. After the 18th century the French built factories in Banmaw.

In foreign trade, using overland trade routes with countries like China, Assam and Thailand, and using water routes with India, Malaya, Indonesia and Europe starting from the reign of Alaung-Paya, rice, petrol, teak wood, palm sugar, acacia extract, minerals, jade, indigo, cardamom seeds and other gems were exported. At that time, up to 48,000 viss of petrol was exported yearly to foreign countries.

In ship building, since ships built with teak wood in Myanmar, although they cost at most 12 to 13 pounds per ton, they were mostly built in Myanmar for departments like Cochin Era Scale [?] and Bombay where they cost from 13 pounds to 20 pounds [per ton].

Starting from 1853-54 Myanmar exported about 175 tons of sugar annually. In 1861 Indian paper money began to be used in Bago. Branches of the Bengal Bank were opened in Yangon. In 1862 branches of Chartered Banks from India, Australia and China were opened in Yangon. In 1865 another Bengal Bank branch was opened in Mawlamyaing. [These are] signs that show that foreign trading advanced. In 1871 the British established the "Rangoon Oil Company". In 1873 in lower Myanmar there were 45 total rice mills. In 1871 there were 29 lumber mills. In Kyaikkami the Oh-yay-lay [?] and Bay Company established a sugar mill. During the reign of King Mindon (1853-1878), factories such as a wire factory [?], a cotton factory, a rice mill, an oil factory, a wheat mill, a glass factory and a mint were established and...